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rich have also funded a series of reports on the future use of technology to transform the climate intentionally

. What geoengineering?

. Scientists criticize the management of the pilot of geoengineering

A small group of experts on climate change, the financial support of billionaires like Bill Gates, are urging governments and international organizations to support experiments in the manipulation of global climate to prevent climate change catastrophic.

scientists, advocates geoengineering methods such as spraying million tons of reflective particles of sulfur dioxide 30 miles above the earth, argue that a "plan B" for climate change will require if the UN and politicians can not agree to make necessary cuts in greenhouse gas emissions, and say the government of the United States and others must pay for a major international research program.

Geo-engineering techniques are highly controversial Aa

solar: some climate scientists believe it may be a quick and relatively inexpensive to fight against global warming, others fear that when is maintained in the upper atmosphere, no appeal could change precipitation patterns and interfere with the Earth's climate.

geoengineering disputed by many environmentalists, who say the technology could undermine efforts to reduce emissions and developing countries, who fear it could be used as a weapon or by rich countries to advantage. In 2010, the United Nations Convention on Biological Diversity, declared a moratorium on the experiences at sea and in space, with the exception of small scientific studies.

Concern is growing now that the small group, but influential scientists and their sponsors, can have a disproportionate impact on important decisions about research and the politics of geoengineering.

"We must protect the vested interests [and] ensure that decisions are not influenced by the parties that could cause large amounts of money through an option to change the climate, particularly the exclusive intellectual property, "said Jane Long, executive director of Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory in the United States, in a paper presented at a recent conference on ethics of geoengineering.

"The stakes are very high and scientists are not the best people to deal with social, ethical or political involved in geo-engineering," said Doug Parr, chief scientist of Greenpeace. "The idea that a self-selected group should have as much influence is strange."

pressure to find a technological solution to climate change is rapidly increasing that politicians do not agree to reduce emissions significantly. In 2009-2010, the Government of the United States requests received from more than $ 2 billion (£ 1.2bn) in subsidies for research into geoengineering, but spent about $ 100 million.

Like Gates, other rich people, including Sir Richard Branson, oil sands mogul Murray Edwards and co-founder of Skype, Niklas Zennström, has funded a number of official reports on the use future technology. Branson, who has often asked of geoengineering to combat climate change, has helped fund the research of the Royal Society in the solar radiation management last year thanks to the War Room Charity carbon. We do not know how much it helped.

Professor David Keith of Harvard University, and Ken Caldeira of Stanford's two world leaders in defense of basic research in geo-engineering of the upper atmosphere to provide the ground with a reflective screen. So far they have received over $ 4.6 million Gates to run the global climate and research and innovation in energy (revolutionary). Nearly half of the money revolutionary, which comes directly from the personal funds of Gates, has so far been used for its own research, but the rest is paid by them to finance the work of defenders of other large-scale interventions .

The fund also provided $ 600 000 to Phil Rasch, chief climatologist at Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, one of 10 research institutes funded by the U.S. Department of Energy.

Rasch gave evidence in the report of geo-engineering of the Royal Society January-June 2009 and was a panelist on the 2011 report. He testified before Congress on the need for government funding large-scale geoengineering, according to a statement given to finance the Royal Society, also works for Intellectual Ventures. In addition, Keith and Caldeira gave another $ 240 000 for the defenders of geoengineering to travel and participate in workshops and meetings and $ 100,000 to Jay Apt, a leading advocate of geoengineering as a last resort, and a professor of engineering at Carnegie Mellon University. Apt has worked with Keith and Aurora Flight Sciences, a U.S. drone technology developed by the U.S. Army to study the cost of sending 1 million tons of sulfate particles in the upper atmosphere per year.
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