Wednesday, December 14, 2011

Vampire bats can sense the heat of blood flowing in the veins of their prey

9:10 AM | Posted by Free Game Zone | | Edit Post

biologists have identified infrared sensors that detect a vampire veins potential victim is 20 cm

vampires use infrared sensors on the lips to locate the blood vessels of their prey, scientists have discovered. Nerve cells are specialized cells similar to the pain sensors in the tongue, skin and eyes, allowing us to feel the bite of chili and high temperatures.

vampires are the only mammals known to feed exclusively on blood, and they need a daily supply to survive. They eat at night, climbing sleeping cows, goats or poultry before sinking their sharp teeth into the veins and absorbing several tablespoons of blood. Animals have an excellent hearing and sight and the use of the high frequency of calls to help them navigate.

Biologists have known for some time that bats can detect blood vessels up to 20 cm distance, but it is unclear how they did it quickly enough to attack and retreat without alerting their prey.

David Julius, a physiologist at the University of California, San Francisco, led a team of scientists to examine the tissue of wild populations of vampires in South America. They found that the upper lips of the animals were treated in a specific form of the molecule heat sensing TRPV1. While this molecule generally allows animals to detect temperatures above 43C, on the threshold of vampires has been reduced to about 30 ° C, allowing them to detect the heat emitted by the heating of the veins near the surface of their prey.
  • "The vampire bat makes these two different forms of the molecule, one of which is specifically involved in infrared detection," Julius said. Their results were published in the journal Nature on Thursday.
Humans have a longer version of the gene that allows TRPV1, which contributes to our ability to detect levels of heat that could lead to pain.

The molecule also makes damaged tissue with hypersensitivity to temperature and pressure. "When you have an injury to tissues, such as sunburn, there are all these inflammatory mediators are produced and act on different molecules in the sensory nerve ending to increase sensitivity to pain," said Julius. "The reason I want to do it because when you have an injury, you want to make sure they actually protect the area and protect it."

Julius said that the discovery of TRPV1 in the vampire biologists helped the animal in more detail in the evolutionary tree, looking for other animals that have a similar version of the gene that code.
"For some time, people thought that the bats are more closely related to rodents, because of their anatomical features," he said. "In recent years, with the advent genomic approaches, have been a number of groups postulated that bats are more closely related to this superorder others. Bats are not so closely related to rodents and humans as they are for dogs, cows and the whales. "



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1 comments:

PeerMurphy said...

Varicose veins tend to worsen over time. You can facilitate discomfort and varicose veins slow progress with self care.

veins

December 14, 2011 at 1:10 PM

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