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tumultuous year has seen record emissions of greenhouse, melting Arctic ice, natural disasters and extreme weather conditions - and the second worst nuclear disaster

The year 2011 was a tumultuous year with the increase in greenhouse gases biological record levels, the Arctic ice melt nearly matching the 2007 record, and temperatures most highest on record 11.

on the floor was marked by unprecedented extreme heat and cold in the United States, droughts and heat waves in Europe and Africa, and a record number of natural disasters related to the conditions weather.

addition, 2011 saw the arrival of the world, 7 billion, the second worst nuclear disaster and record investments in renewable energy.

The 41 indicators of land, sea and air that is used by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration U.S. Government (NOAA) to measure the temperature of the sea and the land has shown unambiguously that

the planet is warming up to 2011

. In July, NOAA reported that 300 months were all above average temperature and the 13 warmest years have occurred throughout the 15 years since 1997. 2011 was also remarkable, he says, because "La Niña" event was happening, a natural phenomenon that usually brings ocean temperatures cooling.

despite the economic stagnation or recession in many industrialized countries, the concentrations of CO

measured at Mauna Loa, Hawaii, reached a peak in more than 394 parts per million in May and are now 39% above where they were at the beginning of the industrial age and the time that some scientists say it is almost impossible to contain global warming.

In September, the German University of Bremen reported that

Arctic sea ice reached a record , based on data from the sensor Japanese from a NASA satellite Aqua. A few days later, the United States and data from the National Snow Ice using different sets of satellite data, indicated that the ice cover in 2011 was slightly higher, making 2011 the second lowest in the history.

Christophe Kinnard, Center for Advanced Studies in Arid in La Serena, Chile in November reported that the duration and magnitude of the current decline of sea ice "seems to have no precedent in the last year 1450. "

"Everything is on an upward trend - the surface temperature, atmosphere, and it also appears that the ocean warms and there is no hot water and saline as it does in the Arctic sea ice is eroded from below. and the melting of the top, "Kinnard said.

Although Eastern Europe, Russia, Pakistan and the Middle East have been hardest hit by extreme weather events in 2010, was

around the North America 2011

. The continent has experienced massive flooding along the Mississippi and Missouri rivers of fire and a devastating drought in the south.

More than 2941 cases monthly extreme heat and extreme cold were broken in all 50 states of the United States in 2011, says the Natural Resources Defense Council.

costs of weather disasters in a spiral. The United States experienced 14 separate disasters each costs more than $ 1 billion. Overall, economic losses were estimated at more than $ 50 billion.

"In many ways, 2011 has rewritten the record books. Catastrophic consequences for Snowstorm deadliest tornado year in the second register of epic floods, drought and heat, and the third season of greater hurricane activity, we have seen the end of almost every category time, "said NOAA spokesman Christopher Vaccaro.

2011 was described by many commentators as "

tornado years

". Between January and June, 43 major storms of 1600 published by tornadoes in south-central and eastern United States. Half occurred in April, and 226 of them April 27.

But 2011 was also the year

too much or too little water

. It began with the devastating floods in Australia, covering an area the size of France and Germany combined, and ended by Tropical Storm Washi killing nearly 1,000 people and leaving 300,000 homeless in Philippines.

worst floods in Thailand in 50 years came to 730 lives, drought in northern China, which began in 2010 continued well into 2011, and was the worst drought hit the country in 60 years.

massive droughts affected some of the richest and poorest communities in the world. The worst drought in 60 years took more than 10 million people and killed thousands and millions of animals in Somalia and the Horn of Africa.

large earthquakes . In the seven weeks between January 21 and February 1, Argentina, Chile, Iran, Pakistan, Tajikistan, Tonga, Myanmar, Solomon Islands, Tonga, Sulawesi, Fiji and New Zealand have been affected.

But by far the most damaging earthquake is the one who took deadly tsunami in Japan

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